Navigating Fatherhood:

Traditional Insights and Modern Expectations from the Qur’an and the Bible

Razieh Shamel

Mansoureh Zarean

 

Abstract: This article presents a comparative analysis of fatherhood as depicted in the Qur’an and the Bible,1 aiming to enhance the understanding of involved fatherhood through a multidisciplinary approach that incorporates psychological and theological perspectives. By employing an analytical methodology, the study carefully examines verses from both scriptures alongside contemporary narratives of fatherhood. This analysis reveals textual representations of paternal involvement that underscore emotional support, nurturing, guidance, provision, and moral development.2 From a psychological perspective, paternal engagement plays a crucial role in a child's emotional and cognitive development.3 Psychological literature advocates for involved fatherhood, encouraging fathers to engage in caregiving, participate in activities, and create a trusting environment. However, modern psychology often prioritises material aspects of life, overlooking spiritual dimensions, which can lead to a narrow understanding of fatherhood that underappreciates a holistic approach to this critical area in parenting. Conversely, interpretations of traditional scriptural teachings may sometimes seem to highlight authority and depict a patriarchal view of fatherhood that may not align with contemporary family life. Keeping this in mind, we seek to identify the intersections where religious teachings may offer insights and guidance that modern scientific disciplines have overlooked. By examining these points of convergence and divergence, we hope to illuminate aspects of fatherhood and paternal engagement that deserve further attention from both religious and scientific perspectives. This approach encourages a comprehensive understanding of how faithbased insights can enrich contemporary discussions in psychology and sociology.